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    Avian influenza virus: Everything To Know

    Insight NewsBy Insight NewsApril 3, 2024No Comments2 Mins Read
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    Avian influenza virus: History, Outbreak, Cure, How It works, who discovered It, what’s New And Everything To Know

    Avian influenza - Province of British Columbia

    Avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu, is caused by the influenza A virus and can infect both birds and humans. Here are some key points about avii an influenza:

    Types of Avian Influenza:

      • Avian flu is caused by influenza A viruses that naturally spread among wild aquatic birds worldwide.
      • These viruses can also infect domestic poultry and other bird species.
      • Bird flu viruses do not normally infect humans, but sporadic human infections have occurred.

    Pathogenicity:

      • The type with the greatest risk is highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI).
      • HPAI strains, such as H5N1, pose significant threats to both birds and humans.

    History:

      • Avian influenza has been recorded since at least 1878 when it was differentiated from other diseases causing high bird mortality.
      • Outbreaks have become more common due to the high density and movement of poultry in intensive production systems.

    Recent Outbreaks (2023):

      • Ecuador:
        • In January 2023, a nine-year-old girl in rural Ecuador contracted avian influenza A (H5) after contact with backyard poultry.
        • This marked the first reported case of human infection caused by avian influenza A (H5) in the Latin America and also Caribbean region.
      • Cambodia:
        • In February 2023, an 11-year-old girl from Cambodia succumbed to avian influenza A (H5N1).
        • The virus belonged to clade 2.3.2.1c, similar to those also circulating in poultry in Southeast Asia.
      • Chile:
        • In March 2023, a 53-year-old male in northern Chile tested positive for avian influenza A (H5).

    How It Works:

      • Avian influenza viruses primarily infect birds, especially waterfowl.
      • Transmission occurs through respiratory secretions, feces, and also contaminated environments.
      • In humans, exposure to infected birds or their environments can lead to zoonotic infections.

    Cure and Treatment:

      • Antiviral medication
      • Prevention involves minimizing exposure to infected birds and also practicing good hygiene.

    Recent Developments:

      • The world’s poultry population has grown significantly, contributing to increased avian influenza prevalence.
      • While companion birds in captivity are unlikely to contract the virus, wild birds and poultry remain susceptible.

     

    Avian influenza virus
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